Origin and definition
Kerapan sapi or Cow race is a racing game with a typical cow from Madura Island.(located east from Surabaya city by crossing Suramadu bridge).
This art was originally derived from Sapudi Island, Sumenep on the initiative of Prince Katandur at the end 13th century.
Originally this cow's use as a processing power fields. Through perseverance how this cow working on rice field , was successful and turned barren land into fertile soil.
Seeing the good ideas and bring positive results, of course, the villagers followed the trail's prince. Eventually the land around the original island Sapudi arid, a fertile land that can be planted with rice. Harvest results can be abundant and fertile region.
Prince Ketandur never still, there were something wanted to be done to improve the residents. Every day he saw the cows energy utilized only for plowing, while in their stall remain silence afterward. Seeing the situation, the Prince Ketandur and invites people in the village to hold a cattle race. The area of land that have been harvested rice fields used for cattle race area. Finally, the tradition of the bull or cow race Ketandur Prince's ideas that has so far continued to grow and preserved. Only the more popular name was changed to "Karapan Sapi".
Madura is not only famous because of the salt, but more than that , Madura Island known for its tradition of cow racing contest called karapan. Habits spurred pet in the arena is already a favorite Madurese population since ancient times. In Madura not only pets that pitted cattle quickly, but also buffalo as contained in Kangean Island. This buffalo race called "mamajir". Cow or buffalo race, ridden by a jockey who called tongko . Tongko are standing on "kaleles" pulled by a cow or a buffalo. For the Madurese, sense of the word is kerapan or karapan or contest kaleles only using a cow. Kerapan defined as race / races cow for races , other animals such as buffalo, mentioned mamajir. Therefore, the term never known as kerapan kerbau (buffalo).
Madura is not only famous because of the salt, but more than that , Madura Island known for its tradition of cow racing contest called karapan. Habits spurred pet in the arena is already a favorite Madurese population since ancient times. In Madura not only pets that pitted cattle quickly, but also buffalo as contained in Kangean Island. This buffalo race called "mamajir". Cow or buffalo race, ridden by a jockey who called tongko . Tongko are standing on "kaleles" pulled by a cow or a buffalo. For the Madurese, sense of the word is kerapan or karapan or contest kaleles only using a cow. Kerapan defined as race / races cow for races , other animals such as buffalo, mentioned mamajir. Therefore, the term never known as kerapan kerbau (buffalo).
Comes from the word kerapan or kirap which often means leaving and moving together or in droves. There is also another assumption which states that kerapan word comes from the Arabic "kirabah" which means friendship. In a general sense now is an attraction "kerapan" speed race driven by cattle using kaleles jockey.
Birth of cow racing in Madura seems in line with the conditions of the vast agricultural land in Madura. Agricultural land was done with the help of domestic animals such as cows and buffaloes. Due to the large cattle population, it emerges gradually cows racing performances.
There were allegations that the existing cow racing in Madura since the 14th century. Mentioned there was a man named Kyai Pratanu in earlier times that have used cow racing as a means to make an explanation about the Islamic religion. Therefore, the teachings of philosophical positions associated with the right calf (panglowar) and cows left (pangdalem) which must be in balance in order to stay the course "straight", so that people can go forwards.
Another story says, in the 14th century in order Panembahan Wlingi of Sapudi. He was instilling a lot of ways to breed cattle which then continued by his son, Adi Poday. The old son wandering in Madura land and he took advantage of his experience in the field of agriculture on the island so Sapudi advancing agriculture.
Since agriculture is developed rapidly, that the farmers compete kerapan to finish the work. Racing to finish the job eventually led to a kind of sport or racing competition called karapan sapi.
There were allegations that the existing cow racing in Madura since the 14th century. Mentioned there was a man named Kyai Pratanu in earlier times that have used cow racing as a means to make an explanation about the Islamic religion. Therefore, the teachings of philosophical positions associated with the right calf (panglowar) and cows left (pangdalem) which must be in balance in order to stay the course "straight", so that people can go forwards.
Another story says, in the 14th century in order Panembahan Wlingi of Sapudi. He was instilling a lot of ways to breed cattle which then continued by his son, Adi Poday. The old son wandering in Madura land and he took advantage of his experience in the field of agriculture on the island so Sapudi advancing agriculture.
Since agriculture is developed rapidly, that the farmers compete kerapan to finish the work. Racing to finish the job eventually led to a kind of sport or racing competition called karapan sapi.
Various kinds of "Kerapan Sapi"
In Madura many kind of "karapan sapi" which provides a classification to the types and categories of participants such karapan. Various karapan is as :
Kerap Keni ( Small Kerapan )
This type of Kerapan held at district level . The participants are coming from the region concerned. Cows are often from outside not participate. Mileage is only 110 meters. In this category the main priority is speed, and straight. Keni often is usually followed by a small cows and new . The winner is a frequent participant to follow the big kerapan.
Kerap Rajha ( Large Kerapan )
This Kerapan frequently called Kerap negara, generally held in the capital district on Sunday. Size ,120 square meters. Participants were district champions.
Kerap Onjhangan ( Invitation Kerapan )
Invitation Kerapan is a special race followed by the invited participants both from within the district and outside the district. Kerapan held by the time the purpose or the commemorations certain days.
Kerap Karesidenen ( Prefectural level Kerapan )
This is a big kerapan followed by frequent champion of the four districts in Madura. This kerapan held in Pamekasan city on Sunday, an event to end the top season of kerapan.
Kerap jhar-ajharan (Exercise Kerapan )
Exercise Kerapan not a particular day, could be held on each day over the wishes of the owner or cow trainer's . Participants are local cow.
Terms of kerapan sapi is not much, as long as the cow is fed strong and adequate, trained to run, dipertandingkan and accompanied by music saronen. It is said that some cattle owners are often also equip-intensity cow using spells and specific offerings. Surely this is not justified under the rules of a contest or kerapan.
Implementation from Kerapan
Before the start of all kerapan cows paraded onto the field, marching order is known. This opportunity is also used to relax the calf muscles because it was moored, also to show off the beauty of the clothing / jewelry cows that will race. The cows were given colorful clothes and hangers-on neck ring cow bells rang . After the parade finished, decorative clothing began to open. Only clothing that does not interfere with the cow's body movements are still left attached.
So began the play-offs, namely by determining the standings of participants, participants usually at this stage merely encouraged only to determine whether the cow will be included "above board" or "bottom board". This is just a tactic to manage coachs competing strategies.
Next began the first qualifying round, second, third and fourth or final round. In these rounds use the game fall. Cows that have been expressed lost no longer be eligible to participate the next round match.
In a set of tactics and strategy of this play each team uses skilled workers to prepare for their cows. The men were known as:
(1) Tongko , a jockey who control the cow racing;
(2) Tambeng people who held the bridle of the cow before it is released;
(3) Gettak , people who bully the cow so when given the command cow orders , shot like an arrow into the finish line;
(4) Tonja, people whose job interesting and led the cow to be obedient to the will of his coach;
(5) Gubra , members of the entourage who cheered duty to encourage the cow from the edge field. They should not enter the field and just as a supporter.
Thus glimpse of cow racing in Madura, which has a tradition of entertainment as the surviving tourist consumption, but also has positive consequences for the Madurese community in the economic, cultural creativity and it also has to preserve the public appreciation of the cultural heritage of ancestors.
Thus glimpse of cow racing in Madura, which has a tradition of entertainment as the surviving tourist consumption, but also has positive consequences for the Madurese community in the economic, cultural creativity and it also has to preserve the public appreciation of the cultural heritage of ancestors.
Cow racing is one of the most popular culture.
One time a man named Sheik Ahmad Baidawai who first introduced the cultivation by using a pair of bamboo known as Salaga Nanggala or pulled by two cows. This man really is a propagator of Islam who came to Madura to teach how to raise rice plowing therefore he was given the title of Prince Ketandur.
Starting out as a way to plow the fields by using a pair of bamboo, pulled by two cows is what evolved into a sport known as cow racing. Cow racing soon became a routine every year, especially when the late season crop up.
Cow are allowed to follow cow racing is as follows:
1. Cows must have a type and color or Madura original.
2. Cows must be healthy and strong
3. High as 120 cm
4. Teeth have been removed.
To maintain this traditional activity, the implementation of bull racing is held every year and starting from August to October. This event started from the Regent and Regency attendants, then the top event is the largest-scale fighting over the Grandfinal President trophy.
One time a man named Sheik Ahmad Baidawai who first introduced the cultivation by using a pair of bamboo known as Salaga Nanggala or pulled by two cows. This man really is a propagator of Islam who came to Madura to teach how to raise rice plowing therefore he was given the title of Prince Ketandur.
Starting out as a way to plow the fields by using a pair of bamboo, pulled by two cows is what evolved into a sport known as cow racing. Cow racing soon became a routine every year, especially when the late season crop up.
Cow are allowed to follow cow racing is as follows:
1. Cows must have a type and color or Madura original.
2. Cows must be healthy and strong
3. High as 120 cm
4. Teeth have been removed.
To maintain this traditional activity, the implementation of bull racing is held every year and starting from August to October. This event started from the Regent and Regency attendants, then the top event is the largest-scale fighting over the Grandfinal President trophy.
Cow racing is divided into four rounds, namely: first round, the pair competed cow velocity in two separate groups of partners to win and lose and the group is all round cows, both the victorious and the vanquished can compete again.
The second round or round of re-election, the couple won a cow in the group will fight back, so with the couple lost a cow in the group and at this stage all the pairs of groups of cows winning and losing should not be played back.
The third round or the semi-final, decisive three cow winners of the group winners and winners of three pairs of cows from the losing group. Fourth round or final round, held to determine the champion I, II and III of the defeat.
In this cow racing championship, there are several stages of the championship, starting from the level of Assistant Regent, Regency and the last or final level of residency to fight President trophy. Great final is usually held in the city as a coordinator of the Pamekasan VII working region of Madura with participants in the Madura District is Bangkalan, Sampang, Sumenep and Pamekasan. Each district sends the winner of 6 pairs of cows.
The second round or round of re-election, the couple won a cow in the group will fight back, so with the couple lost a cow in the group and at this stage all the pairs of groups of cows winning and losing should not be played back.
The third round or the semi-final, decisive three cow winners of the group winners and winners of three pairs of cows from the losing group. Fourth round or final round, held to determine the champion I, II and III of the defeat.
In this cow racing championship, there are several stages of the championship, starting from the level of Assistant Regent, Regency and the last or final level of residency to fight President trophy. Great final is usually held in the city as a coordinator of the Pamekasan VII working region of Madura with participants in the Madura District is Bangkalan, Sampang, Sumenep and Pamekasan. Each district sends the winner of 6 pairs of cows.
Since 1998 Final implementation of cow racing is not only focused on Pamekasan District, but the switch is moved in the district in Madura District. Usually the night before the implementation of cow racing , GUBENGAN known as the crowds cow racing fans with a night market and the sounds of typical etnic sound madura. Implementation of cow racing is usually in August, September, October and the date by mutual agreement.
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